Experimental evaluation of lubricant suitability and performance in ammonia-powered engines

As the demand for low-emission and carbon-neutral fuels increases, ammonia has emerged as a promising alternative fuel due to its carbon-free molecular structure and established production and distribution infrastructure. However, the use of ammonia as a fuel introduces new challenges, particularly in engine lubrication. Ammonia combustion can lead to the formation of reactive emissions such as NOx and unburned ammonia, which may interact with engine lubricants and accelerate their degradation.

Lubrication oil plays a critical role in ensuring the reliability, efficiency, and longevity of engine components. Understanding how ammonia affects lubricants' chemical and physical properties is essential for the robust and efficient operation of ammonia-fuelled engines. To address this, the thesis combines literature research, monitoring of an experimental ammonia-fuelled engine, and laboratory analysis and experiments.

Target:

This master’s thesis aims to explore the impact of ammonia on lubrication oil performance and degradation. It involves a detailed literature review and condition monitoring of lubricants in an experimental ammonia engine. Further, a development of laboratory testing procedures for artificial oil aging to simulate real engine conditions. Various experimental oils will then be evaluated for their suitability in ammonia-fueled engines. The findings will support the advancement of lubricants tailored for alternative fuel applications.

Tasks:

Literature review on lubrication oil degradation, with a focus on the effects of ammonia.
Lubricant condition monitoring in an experimental ammonia-fuelled engine.
Development of laboratory testing procedures for the artificial aging of lubricants.
Evaluation of the performance of experimental lubricants under simulated ammonia engine conditions
Document the research findings and results in a comprehensive master’s thesis.

Requirements: Basic knowledge of analytical and organic chemistry

Starting date: From September 2025

Duration: 6 months

Contact:

Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Nicole Wermuth, +43 (316) 873-30087, nicole.wermuth@lec.tugraz.at
Dr. Martin Vareka, +43 (316) 876-30074, martin.vareka@lec.tugraz.at